In India’s smaller cities, cars get the spotlight while pedestrians and cyclists fight for space. There exists glaring contradictions in India's urban mobility: from footpaths turned parking lots to sidelined e-rickshaws, despite most people relying on walking, cycling, or informal transport! As cities chase costly metro dreams, are we overlooking the modes that truly keep them moving?

भारत के छोटे शहरों में गाड़ियों को खास तवज्जो मिलती है, जबकि पैदल चलने वालों और साइकिल चालकों को जगह के लिए संघर्ष करना पड़ता है। हमारे शहरी परिवहन में कई साफ-साफ विरोधाभास दिखते हैं — फुटपाथों को पार्किंग में बदल दिया गया है, ई-रिक्शा जैसे साधनों को नजरअंदाज किया जाता है, जबकि ज़्यादातर लोग चलकर, साइकिल से या अनौपचारिक साधनों से ही सफर करते हैं। शहर महंगे मेट्रो प्रोजेक्ट्स के पीछे भाग रहे हैं, लेकिन क्या हम उन साधनों को नजरअंदाज़ कर रहे हैं जो सच में शहरों को चलाते हैं?

As smog thickens and PM2.5 soars, small cities are gasping for breath, yet many remain invisible on pollution maps. In Nāgrika’s Climate Change Series, Part 4 unpacks how climate change fuels toxic air, why monitoring falls short, and what’s at stake when the country’s most polluted places go unnoticed in policy response.

Urban wetlands in India are often overlooked – from their ecological importance and rapid decline to the challenges and innovative efforts in their conservation. Through case studies from both major metros and smaller cities, Nāgrika sheds light on how these watery ecosystems sustain our cities and why protecting them matters more than ever in this report.

Bus tours in Batala, weaving trails in Palakkad, and storytellers bringing forgotten Kothis and colonial lanes of Barabanki to life – heritage walks are showing the way India rediscovers its smaller cities. By turning to the past to shape civic pride and cultural memory, can walking truly help cities remember who they are? How then does one sustain this momentum amid urban decay, policy gaps, and fading histories?

बटाला में बस टूर, पलक्कड़ में पुरानी राहों का सफर, और बाराबंकी के भूले-बिसरे कोठियों और कॉलोनियल गलियों की कहानी सुनाने वाले — ये हेरिटेज वॉक भारत के छोटे शहरों को फिर से जानने का रास्ता दिखा रहे हैं। अपने अतीत से जुड़कर ये वॉक शहरों में नागरिक गर्व और सांस्कृतिक यादों को जागृत कर रहे हैं। लेकिन क्या सच में ये पैदल यात्राएं शहरों को उनकी असल पहचान याद दिला सकती हैं? और जब शहरी क्षरण, नीतिगत कमी और धुंधली होती हुई इतिहास की कहानी हो, तो इस चलन को कैसे बनाए रखा जा सकता है?

Community Health Centres (CHCs) are playing a pivotal role in improving healthcare across smaller towns and cities. Amidst challenges like staff shortages and limited resources, these centres are offering essential services such as child immunisation and life-saving treatments. With growing citizen involvement, CHCs are emerging as resilient pillars. Though questions remain about their long-term sustainability in meeting the evolving needs of urban communities.

India’s growing e-waste crisis is challenging cities to find sustainable solutions. While initiatives like ‘Mission E-waste’ and local recycling programs in cities such as Jamshedpur and Bhopal are taking steps forward, much more needs to be done. As innovative solutions emerge, the question remains: can India build a circular economy for e-waste, or will it continue to pile up?

With over 60 million strays and rising cases of dog bites, cities are scrambling for solutions. Cities are turning to sterilisation drives, citizen-led care, and new bylaws to manage the streets. While some communities embrace co-existence, others raise alarms about safety. Between budgets, policies, and public trust, urban animal welfare is navigating a complex terrain. So how are cities balancing compassion with control?

In smaller Indian cities, public transport often struggles to meet the demands of commuters. From Srinagar to Hyderabad, limited bus fleets and unreliable services are a recurring issue, especially during peak times. As the challenges grow, the question arises: how can cities revamp their transport systems to make public transport a reliable choice for everyone? Ensuring a sufficient and consistent fleet could be the first step.

With cities increasingly drowning in their own runoff, urban flooding has become a common sight from Chennai to Belagavi. As traditional drainage systems fall short, the innovative concept of "Sponge City" offers a fresh perspective, making urban spaces more absorbent to manage excess water. While the vision sounds promising, can concrete-dense cities really transform into water-soaking sponges?

Can tiny urban forests really make cities greener? Miyawaki forests are popping up across India, from metros like Mumbai and Chennai to smaller cities like Tirunelveli and Rohtak. Coimbatore plans to add 100 such forests by August 15. But with questions around soil compatibility and space constraints, are these quick-growing forests truly the solution to urban greening, or just a passing trend?

What if our cities never had motorised vehicles? Imagine Hyderabad’s vibrant nightlife, famous landmarks, and everyday hustle locked in stillness. This thought-provoking journey explores a world without cars and buses, unravelling how travel shapes our lives, food culture, history, and even nature. Could we survive the absence, or would innovation inevitably drive us toward a new era of mobility? What then keeps a city truly moving?

Indian cities are making waves in global rankings, but the results can be puzzling. While Hyderabad and Bengaluru top growth charts, they lag in innovation and quality of life. With numerous indices measuring everything from economic potential to mobility, Indian cities often find themselves on different ends of the spectrum. But do these rankings really reflect urban realities, or is there more to the story?

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to empower city governments has never been clearer. Our op-ed on CitizenMatters highlights how local governments, being closest to citizens, are crucial in responding to crises. From Mumbai’s building lockdowns to Hyderabad’s use of self-help groups, cities worldwide have demonstrated their capability to act decisively. But as we move forward, how can we ensure cities are more equitable and resilient for all their citizens?

Despite being integral to India’s urban landscape, smaller cities often get overlooked in both academic and online knowledge resources. While big cities dominate research and Wikipedia pages, small cities remain under-represented. To bridge this gap, Nagrika launched “Nagarpedia” — a community-driven initiative encouraging citizens to enrich Wikipedia’s city pages with credible, local insights. After all, who better to contribute than those who truly know their own city?