Waterlogging Woes

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Heavy rainfall across India’s northern states has left smaller cities grappling with waterlogging issues. Limited resources and poor drainage systems are often to blame, as rapid urbanisation and unplanned construction worsen the situation. While some cities, like Chandigarh, are stepping up with plans to tackle these challenges, are smaller cities prepared for the long-term effects of such extreme weather events?

Vehicles make their way through the waterlogged Madhya Marg near Sector 26 in Chandigarh in August 2024, Source: The Tribune

The convergence of monsoon winds and the western disturbance recently caused heavy rainfall in parts of India, intensifying precipitation in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Punjab, and Haryana.

In India, smaller cities face significant challenges due to heavy rainfall and waterlogging. Their limited financial resources and technical expertise hinder their ability to invest in and maintain adequate drainage infrastructure. Inadequate urban planning and rapid urbanisation further exacerbate the situation, with unplanned construction and encroachments blocking natural drains.

Over 90% Indian cities are facing waterlogging, Source: The New Indian Express

Furthermore, budget constraints prevent regular maintenance and cleaning of drainage systems. The lack of proper upkeep and monitoring of existing infrastructure contributes to persistent water-logging issues.

For instance, the estimated cost of repairs due to recent heavy rains for addressing road cave-ins, pothole repairs, and fixing boundary walls in Chandigarh is ₹3.68 crore. Earlier this year, the city government had earmarked a budget of ₹83 crores for “roads, road-related works, and market rejuvenation”.

Waterlogging Impact Survey, Source: Local Circles

Waterlogging is a common problem in Indian cities, affecting residents and causing traffic congestion, vehicle-related costs, accidents, and loss of working hours.

A survey conducted by LocalCircles found that 94% of respondents had experienced waterlogging, with 52% living in Tier-II, III, and IV cities. Various factors, such as the expansion of built-up areas, inadequate runoff provisions, poor stormwater management and clogged drainage systems, cause waterlogging.

Smaller cities should prioritise well-planned infrastructure, including rainwater management systems like drains, ponds, and pumps, maintained through regular upkeep. Chandigarh’s city government plans to allocate ₹11 crores to upgrade drainage, replace pipes, and add stormwater drains and rainwater harvesting structures in community centres.

Enhancing resilience to climate change benefits small cities by creating green spaces, harvesting rainwater, and managing stormwater and land sustainably. These efforts aid in better flood management and preparedness for changing weather patterns.